FREE Assessment · Reports from ₹999
Take the Free Assessment →
✦ Discover your unique strengths with the FuturePath Human Intelligence Assessment•✦ Students & professionals: find the career that truly fits you•✦ Companies: better hiring, leadership development & internal mobility•✦ Schools: career guidance for every student•✦ 100% online, anywhere in India, in English, हिन्दी & more Indian languages•✦ Discover your unique strengths with the FuturePath Human Intelligence Assessment•✦ Students & professionals: find the career that truly fits you•✦ Companies: better hiring, leadership development & internal mobility•✦ Schools: career guidance for every student•✦ 100% online, anywhere in India, in English, हिन्दी & more Indian languages•

Career guide · Technology & Engineering

Electronics, Hardware & IoT

Subjects, entrance exams and your routes after Class 12

Designing circuits, chips and smart devices, and writing the low-level software that makes physical hardware work.

Electronics EngineerEmbedded Systems EngineerIoT Developer

Written by Future Path counsellors. Facts checked against official sources on 5 October 2026.

Which stream after 10th?

How each stream keeps Electronics, Hardware & IoT open, based on the official subject rules for the routes below.

Arts / Humanities

Some courses: depends on the university

Commerce

Some courses: depends on the university

Science (PCM)

Open

via Engineering degree

Science (PCB)

Some courses: depends on the university

Many universities set their own subject rules, so always check the course you want. Not sure which stream suits your child? Read how to choose a stream after 10th or see every Class 11 subject option.

How to get there after Class 12

Engineering degree

Degree
What you study
B.Tech. and B.E.
Entrance / admission
JEE (Main), JEE (Advanced) — for IITs and State / university engineering entrance tests
You can specialise in
Electronics & Communication Engineering and Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Common next step
M.Tech. / M.E. and MBA
Typical first roles
Electronics / Embedded Engineer
Subjects in Class 11–12: For B.E./B.Tech seats through JEE (Main) in the NIT+ system: Physics and Mathematics, plus one of Chemistry / Biotechnology / Biology / a technical vocational subject, plus a language.NIT+ admission also needs 75% aggregate in Class 12 (65% SC/ST/PwD) or a top-20-percentile board result.

Sources: [1] [2] [3]

Science degree at a university

Degree
What you study
B.Sc.
Entrance / admission
CUET (UG) and University-specific admission
You can specialise in
Electronics and Physics
Common next step
M.Sc.
Typical first roles
Lab / Test Technician
Subjects in Class 11–12: Subject eligibility is set by each university for each programme; CUET lets students choose test subjects irrespective of their Class 12 subjects, but admission still depends on the university's own programme rules.

Sources: [3] [4]

Skill-based vocational degree

Vocational route
What you study
B.Voc.
Entrance / admission
University / college admission
You can specialise in
Electronics / hardware (where offered)
Typical first roles
Hardware Technician
Subjects in Class 11–12: Subject eligibility is set by each university for each programme; CUET lets students choose test subjects irrespective of their Class 12 subjects, but admission still depends on the university's own programme rules.

Sources: [4] [5]

How this field is changing

A growing fieldNew technology mostly helps people do this work better

Internet of Things Specialists are among the 15 fastest-growing roles to 2030.

Sources: [6]

Skills that matter, and how to start now

Core skills

  • ✓Circuit fundamentals
  • ✓Physics and mathematics
  • ✓Embedded programming
  • ✓Careful testing

Things you can do this month

  • 🌱Build three beginner projects with a low-cost microcontroller kit (e.g. a sensor-driven light)
  • 🌱Take part in a school science or robotics competition
  • 🌱Learn to read a simple circuit diagram and build it on a breadboard

Is Electronics, Hardware & IoT right for you?

Liking a field is a good start, but the right fit also depends on your strengths, the way you like to work and what matters to you. Our assessment looks at all of these, and your report shows which paths suit you best, with a counsellor to talk it through if you'd like.

Take the Free Assessment →Free to take · reports from ₹999

See a sample report

Questions parents and students ask

+Which stream should I choose after 10th for Electronics, Hardware & IoT?

Routes into Electronics, Hardware & IoT are open to students from Science (PCM). For Arts / Humanities, Commerce and Science (PCB), some degree courses are possible, but each university sets its own subject rules, so check the specific course. Choose the stream your child will do well and stay interested in; the routes below show the exact subject rules.

+Which subjects do I need in Class 12 for Electronics, Hardware & IoT?

For B.E./B.Tech seats through JEE (Main) in the NIT+ system: Physics and Mathematics, plus one of Chemistry / Biotechnology / Biology / a technical vocational subject, plus a language. Subject eligibility is set by each university for each programme; CUET lets students choose test subjects irrespective of their Class 12 subjects, but admission still depends on the university's own programme rules.

+What can I study after Class 12 for a career in Electronics, Hardware & IoT?

The main routes are: Engineering degree (B.Tech. and B.E.); Science degree at a university (B.Sc.); Skill-based vocational degree (B.Voc.).

+Which entrance exams lead to Electronics, Hardware & IoT?

Depending on the route: JEE (Main), JEE (Advanced) — for IITs, State / university engineering entrance tests, CUET (UG), University-specific admission and University / college admission. Always check the latest official bulletin before you apply.

+How is Electronics, Hardware & IoT changing over the next few years?

A growing field. Internet of Things Specialists are among the 15 fastest-growing roles to 2030.

+How do I know if Electronics, Hardware & IoT is right for me?

Interest is a good start, but fit also depends on your strengths, how you like to work and what matters to you. Our assessment looks at all of these and your report shows which paths suit you, with a counsellor available to talk it through.

Official sources

Rules and dates change every year. Always confirm with the latest official bulletin before applying.

  1. [1]JEE (Main) 2026 Information Bulletin — §5.8.1 subject combinations (Paper 1 / 2A / 2B) · National Testing Agency · checked 5 October 2026
  2. [2]JEE (Advanced) eligibility — Class XII with Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics compulsory · JEE (Advanced) Organising IIT · checked 5 October 2026
  3. [3]Specification of Degrees (Gazette 5 July 2014) — approved UG degree nomenclature (B.A., B.Sc., B.Com., BBA, BCA, B.Tech., B.Arch., LLB, B.Pharm., B.Sc.(Nursing), BFA, BPA, B.Ed. integrated, etc.) · University Grants Commission · checked 5 October 2026
  4. [4]CUET (UG) 2026 Information Bulletin — 37 subjects; subjects selectable irrespective of Class XII subjects; programme eligibility set by each university · National Testing Agency · checked 5 October 2026
  5. [5]UGC Guidelines for B.Voc — skill-based undergraduate degree with multiple exit points · University Grants Commission · checked 5 October 2026
  6. [6]Future of Jobs Report 2025 — Fig 2.2 fastest-growing/declining roles; Fig 2.4 largest absolute growth/decline; India economy profile · World Economic Forum · checked 5 October 2026

Related career guides

Software Engineering

Read the guide →

AI, Machine Learning & Data Science

Read the guide →

Cybersecurity

Read the guide →

Cloud, DevOps & IT Infrastructure

Read the guide →

Web & Mobile App Development

Read the guide →

Game Development & Interactive Tech

Read the guide →

See all career guides →

Discover strengths with the FuturePath Human Intelligence Assessment

For students and professionals choosing a career, and for companies and schools that want to understand their people.

Take the Free AssessmentFor CompaniesFor Schools